The brain and spinal cord. Kimmel et al, 1995.[TAO], The central nervous system (CNS) is the part of the nervous system which includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerve cell layer of the retina (CUMBO)., Part of the nervous system which includes the brain and spinal cord.[AAO]

cerebrospinal axis

uberon

neuraxis

(...) at some stage of its development, every chordate exhibits five uniquely derived characters or synapomorphies of the group: (...) (4) a single, tubular nerve cord that is located dorsal to the notochord (...) (reference 1); The neural tube is destined to differentiate into the brain and spinal cord (the central nervous system) (reference 2); Taken together, our data make a very strong case that the complex molecular mediolateral architecture of the developing trunk CNS (central nervous system), as shared between Platynereis and vertebrates, was already present in their last common ancestor, Urbilateria. The concept of bilaterian nervous system centralization implies that neuron types concentrate on one side of the trunk, as is the case in vertebrates and many invertebrates including Platynereis, where they segregate and become spatially organized (as opposed to a diffuse nerve net). Our data reveal that a large part of the spatial organization of the annelid and vertebrate CNS was already present in their last common ancestor, which implies that Urbilateria had already possessed a CNS (reference 3).[well established][VHOG]

UBERON:0001017

• lumen of central nervous system

• preganglionic autonomic fiber

• future central nervous system

• meningeal cluster

• ganglion of central nervous system
• oligodendrocyte
• CNS neuron (sensu Vertebrata)
• parenchyma of central nervous system
• hindbrain-spinal cord boundary
• ventricular system of central nervous system
• future spinal cord
• central nervous system cell part cluster
• lumen of central nervous system
• spinal cord
• meningeal cluster
• brain
• vasculature of central nervous system