http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/Subtalar_Joint.PNG

uberon

astragalus, astragaloid bone, os tarsi tibiale, astragalus bone, major ankle bone, os trigonum

UBERON:0002395

The talus is apparently derived from the fusion of three separate bones in the feet of primitive amphibians; the tibiale, articulating with tibia, the intermedium, between the bases of the tibia and fibula, and the fourth centrale, lying in the mid-part of the tarsus. These bones are still partially separate in modern amphibians, which therefore do not have a true talus. The talus forms a considerably more flexible joint in mammals than it does in reptiles. This reaches its greatest extent in artiodactyls, where the distal surface of the bone has a smooth keel to allow greater freedom of movement of the foot, and thus increase running speed

• subtalar joint
• talofibular ligament
• tibiotalar joint

• navicular bone of pes

• neck of talus