Widely expressed human Estrogen Receptors (NR3 Family) are cytoplasmic hormone-activated receptors that act as nuclear transcription factors composed of an N-terminal transcription activation/modulation domain, a DNA-binding domain, and a C-terminal steroid-binding domain. Binding to DNA as a homo- or heterodimer, ESR interacts with NCOA3, NCOA5, and NCOA6 coactivators. Hormone-ESR complexes appear to recognize discrete upstream target ERE DNA sequences to regulate gene expression, cell proliferation, and differentiation. DNA-binding is lost in the absence of ligand. (NCI) [ ]